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Turmeric, also known as ‘Indian saffron', has been in existence and mentioned in the age-old Indian System of Medicine (Ayurveda) for centuries now. The importance of turmeric has been documented in Sanskrit, the ancient Indian language, between 1700 BC and 800 BC. In the Vedic text, turmeric has been referred to as 'Haridara', which was used by Lord Vishnu in his body.
Turmeric in the form of ‘Oushadhi’ was used in day-to-day life by ancient Indians in treating wounds, stomach aches, poison, and other ailments. Up to 110 species of turmeric have been reported from tropical Asia, with the greatest variations from India, Myanmar, and Thailand. Out of these, about 40 species are indigenous to India, and black turmeric is one of them.
Black turmeric, scientifically known as Curcuma caesia, is a lesser-known member of the ginger family, native to the Indian subcontinent. Unlike its more famous cousin, the bright yellow turmeric (Curcuma longa), black turmeric possesses a unique charm and an array of medicinal and culinary uses that deserve attention.
Black turmeric has a rich history deeply intertwined with traditional medicine and cultural practices. In ancient Indian Ayurveda, it was revered for its numerous therapeutic properties. Records of its use date back centuries, with mentions in classical Ayurvedic texts like the Charaka Samhita and Sushruta Samhita.
The root was used to treat a wide range of ailments, including respiratory issues, digestive problems, and skin conditions. Its rarity and unique properties earned it the moniker ‘Kali Haldi’ or Black Haldi.
One of its most notable features is its deep blue to blackish-purple coloration, setting it apart from the more common yellow turmeric. Botanically, it is a perennial herb with a rhizomatous root system, typically growing up to about 1 metre in height and bearing broad leaves. The root of black turmeric emits a unique earthy aroma with a subtle floral fragrance, contributing to its allure. They are mostly found in North-East and Central India, but you can find some in South India.
Delve into the health benefits black turmeric contributes:
- Respiratory Health
The presence of bioactive compounds like curcuminoids and essential oils, which possess anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties, promotes respiratory health. These properties may help alleviate respiratory issues by reducing inflammation in the airways and combating infections. Additionally, black turmeric is believed to act as a natural expectorant, assisting in clearing mucus from the respiratory passages and promoting easier breathing.
- Skin Conditions
Black turmeric contains essential oils and curcuminoids possessing remarkable anti-inflammatory and antioxidant characteristics. These properties make it a valuable ingredient in various skincare products, including creams, masks, and soaps. Black turmeric is believed to help soothe skin inflammation, reduce redness, and combat free radicals that can accelerate skin aging.
Additionally, it is often used to address skin concerns like acne and blemishes, thanks to its potential antimicrobial properties. When applied topically, black turmeric is said to enhance skin complexion and impart a healthy radiance. Besides, those suffering from leukoderma, a skin condition characterised by white patches can get relief with black turmeric.
- Pain Relief
Curcuminoids are natural anti-inflammatory agents that may help alleviate various types of pain, including joint pain, arthritis, and muscle soreness. These compounds work by reducing inflammation in the body, which is often a primary source of pain.
Furthermore, black turmeric's analgesic properties may make it effective in relieving pain associated with conditions like menstrual cramps. While it may not offer the same level of pain relief as pharmaceutical medications, black turmeric's natural and holistic approach to pain management makes it an attractive option for those seeking alternative remedies.
- Fat Metabolism
Curcumin, one of the prominent curcuminoids found in black turmeric, has been subjected to fat metabolism. It is believed to help regulate lipid metabolism by reducing fat accumulation in adipose tissue, improving insulin sensitivity, and promoting the breakdown of fats. Additionally, black turmeric may have a thermogenic effect, which means it can increase the body's metabolic rate, potentially aiding in weight management and fat loss.
- Cancer Prevention
This is primarily attributed to its rich content of curcuminoids, particularly curcumin, which has demonstrated promising anti-cancer properties in various laboratory and animal studies. Curcumin is known for its ability to inhibit the growth of cancer cells, reduce inflammation, and act as a potent antioxidant, all of which are factors that can contribute to cancer development. Additionally, curcumin may play a role in preventing the spread of cancer cells and inducing apoptosis, or programmed cell death, in cancerous cells.
