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Lemongrass whose scientific name is Cymbopogon citratus is a versatile and aromatic herb widely used in curries, teas, and also as natural remedies. Known for its lemony flavour lemongrass is a popular ingredient in cuisines from across Asia and has numerous medicinal properties. It is incredibly versatile. In the kitchen, it’s commonly used in soups, curries, teas, and marinades. The plant’s essential oil is also popular in aromatherapy and natural insect repellents.
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In India, lemongrass is often used to brew herbal tea, known as "chai patti," which is believed to have calming effects and is used to relieve digestive issues, stress, and headaches. The herb is also a common addition to Ayurvedic treatments, where its essential oil is used for its antiseptic, antifungal, and anti-inflammatory properties. It’s often applied in aromatherapy to reduce anxiety and offer relaxation.
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Beyond its culinary and medicinal uses, lemongrass serves as a natural insect repellent, commonly used in gardens to ward off mosquitoes and other pests. Its versatility and easy cultivation make lemongrass a valuable herb in Indian households, contributing both to traditional remedies and modern culinary practices. Lemongrass at home is relatively easy to cultivate and maintain. Here’s a comprehensive guide on how to grow lemongrass.
Lemongrass comes in several varieties, but the most common one grown for culinary purposes is Cymbopogon citratus. This variety is known for its tender stalks and strong citrus flavour. Other varieties are often used for essential oil production but can also be grown for culinary use.
Lemongrass thrives in warm, tropical, and subtropical climates. It needs temperatures between 21°C to 35°C and grows best in full sunlight. If you live in a cooler region, you can grow lemongrass in pots and move them indoors during the winter. Sandy or loamy soil works best, as it allows for good drainage and root development. Before planting, it’s a good idea to enrich the soil with organic compost or well-rotted manure to provide the necessary nutrients.
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Growing Lemongrass From Cuttings
One of the easiest ways to start growing lemongrass is from cuttings. You can purchase fresh lemongrass stalks from a grocery store or get cuttings from an existing plant. Choose healthy, firm stalks with intact bases and a bit of the root still attached.
Place the stalks in a glass of water, ensuring that the base of each stalk is submerged. Place the glass in a sunny spot, and within a week or two, you should see roots forming. Once the roots are about an inch long, you can transplant the lemongrass into soil. Choose a pot or garden bed with plenty of sunlight.
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Planting Lemongrass Directly In The Garden
If you prefer to plant lemongrass directly in the garden, ensure that the soil is well-prepared. Dig a hole slightly larger than the root ball of your lemongrass cutting or seedling. Place the plant in the hole and fill it with soil, pressing down gently to remove air pockets.
Lemongrass plants grow tall, so they need enough space between them. Planting them in clusters can also create a natural windbreak and support structure, helping the plants stay upright.
Caring for Your Lemongrass
Lemongrass requires regular watering, especially during dry periods. The soil should be kept consistently moist but not waterlogged. Mulching around the base of the plants can help retain moisture and reduce the need for frequent watering. Fertilise your lemongrass every 4-6 weeks during the growing season. Trim any dead or brown leaves to encourage new growth. Lemongrass is generally pest-resistant, but keep an eye out for aphids and spider mites. A gentle spray of water or insecticidal soap can help control these pests.
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Harvesting Lemongrass
Lemongrass can be harvested once the stalks are at least 12 inches tall and about half an inch thick. To harvest, simply cut the stalks at ground level or slightly above. The lower, white part of the stalk is the most flavourful and is typically used in cooking.
After harvesting, you can store lemongrass stalks in the refrigerator for up to two weeks or freeze them for longer storage. The leaves can also be dried and used for making teas.
