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It is believed that Star Anise, native to southern China and Vietnam, travelled along the Silk Road, an ancient network of trade routes connecting the East and West, making its way to various parts of Asia, including India.
Once introduced, star anise was gradually integrated into Indian cuisine, particularly in regions with a rich tradition of spice usage, such as Kerala and Tamil Nadu. The spice's unique flavour profile complemented the complex spice blends used in Indian cooking.
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Over time, Indian chefs and home cooks began incorporating star anise into traditional recipes. When using star anise in cooking, it's often added whole or ground at the beginning of the process to infuse its flavour into oils or liquids. This method allows the spice's aromatic properties to be added efficiently in the dish. Its sweet-spicy notes pair well with other warm spices such as cinnamon, cloves, and cardamom, creating a harmonious blend that can create a delicious dish.
For example in Garam Masala, a staple spice mix in Indian kitchens, which is a combination of warm spices such as cumin, coriander, cardamom, cloves, and cinnamon star anise gives the blend a sweet note. Garam masala is used in a wide variety of dishes, from curries to soup.
Along with flavour, this spice has a lovely aroma. Among savoury dishes, star anise is usually added to meats, vegetables, and broths, adding a subtle sweetness that balances the heat and acidity of other ingredients. It's particularly effective in slow-cooked recipes, where its flavours have time to develop.
Star anise can also be used in baking or to flavour syrups and beverages. Its unique flavour implements ingredients such as vanilla, citrus, and chocolate. It requires a careful hand to balance its strong flavour, but when used correctly, it can elevate a dish from ordinary to extraordinary.
As per Ayurveda Star Anise is believed to aid digestion, relieve colds, and possess anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial properties. Here are some Indian dishes where this spice plays an important role.
Biryani
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Biryani is one of India's most iconic dishes, known for its rich aroma and layers of flavour. Star anise plays a crucial role in biryani, lending its unique aromas and flavour to the dish. Typically, star anise is added during the cooking of the rice and the meat, allowing its flavour to infuse thoroughly. The spice complements the other aromatic ingredients such as cloves, cardamom, and cinnamon, creating a symphony of flavours. Whether it’s Hyderabadi, Lucknowi, or Kolkata biryani, star anise is often a part of the spice blend that makes each version special.
Chicken Chettinad
Chicken Chettinad is a fiery and aromatic dish from the Chettinad region of Tamil Nadu. Known for its bold use of spices, this dish features a masala made with roasted spices including star anise. The star anise adds a sweet-spicy undertone that balances the heat from the red chilies and black pepper.
Rogan Josh
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Rogan Josh is a classic dish from Kashmir, featuring tender pieces of lamb cooked in a fragrant and rich gravy. Star anise is one of the key spices that contribute to the dish’s distinctive flavour. When combined with other spices such as fennel, ginger, and cardamom, star anise helps create a deeply aromatic and flavourful sauce. The slow-cooking process allows the lamb to absorb the complex spice blend.
Pulao
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Pulao is a rice dish that is simpler and quicker to cook than biryani, yet equally delicious. Pulao can be made with various vegetables, meats, or seafood, and is a versatile dish suitable for everyday meals or special occasions. Star anise is often added to the pot along with other whole spices such as bay leaves, cloves, and cinnamon. As the rice cooks, it absorbs the flavours of these spices.
Masala Chai
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This spiced tea is enjoyed throughout the day. Star anise is one of the spices used to flavour this comforting beverage. The traditional masala chai blend includes spices like cardamom, cinnamon, cloves, and ginger, with star anise adding its distinct sweet-spicy flavour. When simmered with black tea, milk, and sugar, star anise helps create a warm and fragrant drink that is perfect for relaxing or starting the day.
Hyderabadi Haleem
Hyderabadi Haleem is a traditional dish enjoyed during the holy month of Ramadan. This hearty stew is made with wheat, lentils, and meat (usually mutton), and is slow-cooked to achieve a creamy, porridge-like consistency. Star anise is one of the spices used to flavour the dish, contributing its sweet and aromatic notes. The long cooking process allows the spices, including star anise, to blend beautifully with the meat and grains.
