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Chhath Puja, the vibrant and sacred festival celebrated primarily in the northern Indian state of Bihar, as well as in neighbouring regions, is a captivating ode to the Sun God, Lord Surya, and Chhathi Maiya, his divine consort. As the festival unfolds, it ushers in a time of reverence, spirituality, and deep-rooted traditions, all set against the backdrop of the resplendent natural beauty of rivers, ponds, and the great outdoors.
A pivotal element of Chhath Puja is the gathering of family and friends to offer prayers and seek blessings from the Sun God. However, the celebration is incomplete without the culinary extravaganza that accompanies it. Traditional Bihari cuisine, known for its rich flavours and age-old recipes, takes centre stage during Chhath Puja, reflecting the cultural significance and the fervour that surrounds the festival. In this article, we embark on a culinary journey, exploring seven authentic Bihari dishes that hold a special place in the hearts and palates of those celebrating Chhath Puja in 2023. These dishes are not just a feast for the senses but also an embodiment of the spirit and heritage of this cherished festival.
1. Thekua
Thekua is an essential and beloved sweet dish during Chhath Puja. It is a deep-fried cookie-like treat made from wheat flour, jaggery, and ghee. The dough is flavoured with cardamom, fennel seeds, and sometimes coconut, giving it a unique taste. The dough is shaped into small discs, adorned with intricate patterns, and deep-fried until they turn golden brown. Thekua is a delightful and energy-rich snack that provides sustenance to devotees during the long hours of fasting.
2. Chana Dal with Rice
Chana dal (split Bengal gram) with rice is a simple yet comforting dish that is often prepared for Chhath Puja. The chana dal is cooked with aromatic spices like cumin, coriander, and bay leaves, creating a flavorful and protein-rich lentil curry. It is traditionally served with steamed rice, making it a hearty and satisfying meal. Chana dal with rice provides the necessary nourishment for those observing a fast during Chhath Puja.
3. Kheer
Kheer, a creamy and fragrant rice pudding, is a popular dessert for Chhath Puja. To make kheer, rice is slow-cooked in milk until it becomes soft and creamy. It is sweetened with sugar and flavoured with cardamom, saffron, and sometimes a hint of rosewater. Kheer is often garnished with slivered almonds, pistachios, and cashews, adding both flavour and visual appeal. It is a beloved sweet treat that signifies prosperity and is shared with family and friends during the celebrations.
4. Sattu Paratha
Sattu paratha is a wholesome and traditional Bihari dish made from roasted gram flour. Sattu, the key ingredient, is prepared by roasting gram flour and mixing it with spices like green chilies, ginger, and ajwain (carom seeds). This flavorful mixture is then stuffed into wheat flour dough, rolled out, and cooked on a griddle. Sattu parathas are both nutritious and filling, making them an ideal choice for a meal during Chhath Puja.
5. Laal Saag
Laal saag, or red amaranth greens, is a popular leafy vegetable in Bihari cuisine and is often prepared during Chhath Puja. The greens are sautéed with garlic, green chilies, and a touch of mustard oil. The result is a vibrant and flavorful side dish that pairs perfectly with hot steamed rice or sattu paratha. The spiciness and freshness of laal saag complement the richness of the festival's meals.
6. Chana Ghugni
Chana ghugni is a spicy and tangy chickpea curry that is a staple dish during Chhath Puja. It is made by cooking chickpeas with a blend of spices, including cumin, coriander, and tamarind. The addition of tamarind gives it a distinctive sourness, which balances the heat from the spices. Chana ghugni is typically served with rice or puri (fried bread) and adds a burst of flavour to the festive spread.
7. Litti Chokha
Litti chokha is a famous Bihari dish that is often associated with Chhath Puja. Litti, a type of stuffed round wheat flour bread, is baked over an open flame or in a tandoor. It is usually served with chokha, a spicy mixture of roasted and mashed vegetables such as eggplant, tomatoes, and potatoes. Chokha is flavoured with mustard oil, green chilies, and various spices, giving it a smoky and robust flavour. Litti chokha is a beloved and hearty dish that is not only delicious but also symbolic of the celebration of Chhath Puja.
Chhath Puja is a time for devotion, reflection, and celebration, and traditional Bihari dishes play a vital role in enhancing the spirit of the festival. From the sweet and intricate thekua to the wholesome sattu paratha and the spicy chana ghugni, each dish holds cultural significance and represents the culinary heritage of Bihar. As you prepare to celebrate Chhath Puja in 2023, consider including these authentic Bihari dishes in your festive menu to pay homage to the rich traditions and flavours of this remarkable festival.
