Lemongrass, known for its aromatic scent and citrusy flavour, is a versatile herb widely used in various cuisines, particularly in Southeast Asian dishes. Used in soups, curries, and teas for a refreshing lemon flavour. The tender part of the stalk can be sliced thinly and added to salads or stir-fries. Lemongrass tea is known for its soothing properties, helping with digestion and relieving stress. The essential oil of lemongrass is often used in aromatherapy for its calming effects.
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Growing lemongrass at home is not only rewarding but also provides a fresh supply of this fragrant herb for culinary and medicinal uses. Lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus) is a perennial grass that thrives in warm climates. It is characterised by long, slender stalks and a strong lemon scent.
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There are two primary types: West Indian lemongrass and East Indian lemongrass, with the latter being more commonly cultivated for culinary purposes. West Indian Lemongrass has a milder flavour and is commonly used in cooking while East Indian Lemongrass has a stronger aroma and is often used in herbal teas and for medicinal purposes. When selecting a variety, consider your climate and intended use. West Indian lemongrass is often preferred for culinary applications.
Planting Lemongrass
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Lemongrass needs temperatures between 21°C to 38°C. Well-drained, loamy soil enriched with organic matter is ideal for it to grow. There are two primary methods to propagate lemongrass: using stalks from the grocery store or seeds.
Using Stalks is the most common and easiest method. Choose fresh, healthy stalks with the root ends intact from your local grocery store or farmer’s market. Place the stalks in a glass of water, ensuring the bottom part is submerged. Leave them in a sunny spot, changing the water every few days. Within a week or two, roots will start to grow. Once the roots are a few inches long, it’s time to plant them.
While less common, you can also grow lemongrass from seeds. Buy lemongrass seeds from a reputed supplier. Sow the seeds in seed trays or pots filled with seed-starting mix. Lightly cover the seeds with soil. Keep the soil moist but not waterlogged. Provide indirect sunlight for germination, which usually takes 2-3 weeks.Once your stalks have rooted or your seeds have germinated, it’s time to plant.
Choosing a Container or Garden Space
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If planting in containers, choose pots that are at least 12 inches deep with drainage holes. For garden planting, select a sunny spot with well-drained soil. If planting multiple stalks, space them about 24-36 inches apart to allow for their bushy growth. Plant the rooted stalks or seedlings into the soil, burying them up to the first set of leaves. Water them thoroughly after planting.
Caring For The Lemongrass Plant
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Proper care will ensure healthy growth and a bountiful harvest. Lemongrass requires consistent moisture, especially during dry spells. Water the plants deeply but avoid waterlogging. Allow the top inch of soil to dry between waterings. Fertilise with a balanced liquid fertiliser every 4-6 weeks during the growing season. You can also add compost or well-rotted manure to enhance soil fertility.
Keep the area around your lemongrass free of weeds, which can compete for nutrients and water. Mulching can help suppress weed growth and retain moisture. Lemongrass is generally resistant to pests but can attract aphids and spider mites. Inspect regularly and use insecticidal soap or neem oil if needed. As the plant grows, trim back any dead or yellowing leaves to encourage new growth. This also helps maintain air circulation.
Harvesting Lemongrass
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Lemongrass can be harvested after about 3-4 months of planting. The best time to harvest is when the stalks are about 1/2 inch in diameter and at least 12 inches tall. Use a sharp knife to cut the stalks at ground level. Leave some stalks behind to allow the plant to continue growing. Freshly harvested lemongrass can be stored in the refrigerator for up to 2 weeks. For longer storage, freeze it in airtight containers or chop and store in ice cube trays.