Fermentation, which is essential to the preparation of dosa and idli, is a fascinating process that is at the core of South Indian food. Microorganisms such as bacteria or yeast are responsible for driving the fermentation process, which is an organic process that involves the conversion of carbohydrates into acids or alcohols. Fermentation is an essential step in the preparation of both dosa and idli, as it is responsible for changing the batter into a finished product that is airy, delicious, and light.
To get the dosa and idli fermentation just right, you need to pay close attention to detail and follow a few simple guidelines. The following advice will assist you in carrying out a successful fermentation:
Ratio of ingredients: When making the batter, it is important to keep the correct proportion of rice to lentils (usually urad dal). Rice to lentils should be measured out at a ratio of either 3:1 or 4:1. This harmony assures that the texture and fermentation will be just correct.
Soaking time: Rice and lentils should be soaked separately for the amount of time that is specified. Rice often has to be soaked for four to six hours, whereas lentils typically just need two to four. The grains become easier to ground after being subjected to soaking.
Grinding technique: The soaking rice and lentils should each be ground to a fine consistency in separate bowls. When grinding, use as little water as possible to create a thick batter. The grinding process releases additional starch, which helps the fermentation process.
Mixing the batter: After they have been ground, the rice and lentil batters should be well combined. Because the natural microorganisms on your hands might contribute to the fermentation process, it is best to combine the ingredients using your hands.
Consistency of batter: The consistency of the batter should be slightly thicker than normal, but it should still be able to be poured. It shouldn't be too runny, and it shouldn't be too thick, either. It should readily coat the back of a spoon. If the consistency is too thick or too thin, add water as necessary.
Temperature: For fermentation, the batter should be placed in a warm area that maintains a steady temperature. The optimal temperature is roughly 30 degrees Celsius (86 degrees Fahrenheit). The length of time needed for fermentation might be anything from eight to twelve hours or even longer, depending on the temperature and the flavour that is sought.
Container: You'll need to select an adequate container in which to ferment the batter. Check that the batter will have enough room to expand and rise in the container. Cover the container with a clean cloth or the lid, making sure there is space for air to circulate around it.
Outside temperature: The ambient temperature is very important in the fermentation process. You might need more time for fermentation if the room temperature is lower than ideal. A warmed oven or a warm location, such as near a heated appliance, can be used in colder climates.